2.4. Deploying

You can copy the built result to any of your favorite places that can serve content online. Otherwise d2lbook provides two ways to deploy your build results: deploying through Github or through AWS.

2.4.1. Deploying Through Github

Github Pages allow us to host a website through a Github repo. To do so, we first need to create a github repo, for example we created d2l-ai/d2l-book-deploy-demo for this example. Then enable serving from the master branch in Settings -> GitHub Pages. You will get a URL to access it. It is d2l-ai.github.io/d2l-book-deploy-demo for this example. You can add anything to README.md, which will not show on the website.

../_images/github_pages.png

Fig. 2.4.1 Enable serving from master branch at Github

Now let’s create a project with [deploy] github_repo specified and build both HTML and PDF. You will see a large amount of logging information thanks to LaTeX, more exactly, xelatex.

!mkdir -p deploy
%%writefile deploy/index.md
# Deploying Demo for d2lbook

This is a demo to deploy on Github.

````toc
get_started
````
Writing deploy/index.md
%%writefile deploy/get_started.md
# Getting Started

Please first install my favorite package `numpy`.
Writing deploy/get_started.md
%%writefile deploy/config.ini
[project]
name = deply-demo

[html]
header_links = PDF, https://https://d2l-ai.github.io/d2l-book-deploy-demo/deply-demo.pdf, fas fa-file-pdf

[deploy]
github_repo = d2l-ai/d2l-book-deploy-demo
Writing deploy/config.ini
!cd deploy; d2lbook build html pdf
[d2lbook:config.py:L12] INFO   Load configure from config.ini
[d2lbook:build.py:L147] INFO   2 notebooks are outdated
[d2lbook:build.py:L149] INFO   [1] ./index.md
[d2lbook:build.py:L149] INFO   [2] ./get_started.md
[d2lbook:build.py:L153] INFO   Evaluating notebooks in parallel with 8 CPU workers and 8 GPU workers
[d2lbook:resource.py:L196] INFO   Starting task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7]
[d2lbook:resource.py:L159] INFO     Status: 1 running tasks, 0 done, 1 not started
[d2lbook:resource.py:L164] INFO       - Task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7] is running for 00:00:00
[d2lbook:resource.py:L196] INFO   Starting task "Evaluating ./get_started.md" on CPU [4]
[d2lbook:resource.py:L159] INFO     Status: 2 running tasks, 0 done, 0 not started
[d2lbook:resource.py:L164] INFO       - Task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7] is running for 00:00:02
[d2lbook:resource.py:L164] INFO       - Task "Evaluating ./get_started.md" on CPU [4] is running for 00:00:00
[d2lbook:resource.py:L223] INFO   Task "Evaluating ./index.md" on CPU [7] is finished in 00:00:03
[d2lbook:resource.py:L223] INFO   Task "Evaluating ./get_started.md" on CPU [4] is finished in 00:00:02
[d2lbook:resource.py:L142] INFO   All 2 tasks are done, sorting by runtime:
[d2lbook:resource.py:L148] INFO     - 00:00:02 on CPU [4] for Evaluating ./get_started.md
[d2lbook:resource.py:L148] INFO     - 00:00:03 on CPU [7] for Evaluating ./index.md
[d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO   === Finished "d2lbook build eval" in 00:00:05
[d2lbook:build.py:L322] INFO   2 rst files are outdated
[d2lbook:build.py:L324] INFO   Convert _build/eval/index.ipynb to _build/rst/index.rst
[d2lbook:build.py:L324] INFO   Convert _build/eval/get_started.ipynb to _build/rst/get_started.rst
[d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO   === Finished "d2lbook build rst" in 00:00:06
[d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO   === Finished "d2lbook build ipynb" in 00:00:00
[d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO   === Finished "d2lbook build colab" in 00:00:00
[d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO   === Finished "d2lbook build sagemaker" in 00:00:00
Running Sphinx v5.3.0
making output directory... done
checking bibtex cache... out of date
parsing bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst... WARNING: could not open bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst.
building [mo]: targets for 0 po files that are out of date
building [html]: targets for 2 source files that are out of date
updating environment: [new config] 2 added, 0 changed, 0 removed

looking for now-outdated files... none found
pickling environment... done
checking consistency... done
preparing documents... done

generating indices... genindex done
writing additional pages... search done
copying static files... done
copying extra files... done
dumping search index in English (code: en)... done
dumping object inventory... done
build succeeded, 1 warning.

The HTML pages are in _build/html.
[d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO   === Finished "d2lbook build html" in 00:00:07
Running Sphinx v5.3.0
making output directory... done
checking bibtex cache... out of date
parsing bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst... WARNING: could not open bibtex file /home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/rst.
building [mo]: targets for 0 po files that are out of date
building [latex]: all documents
updating environment: [new config] 2 added, 0 changed, 0 removed

looking for now-outdated files... none found
pickling environment... done
checking consistency... done
processing deply-demo.tex... index get_started
resolving references...
done
writing... done
copying TeX support files... copying TeX support files...
done
build succeeded, 1 warning.

The LaTeX files are in _build/pdf.
Run 'make' in that directory to run these through (pdf)latex
(use `make latexpdf' here to do that automatically).
latexmk -pdf -dvi- -ps-  'deply-demo.tex'
Latexmk: This is Latexmk, John Collins, 1 January 2015, version: 4.41.
Latexmk: applying rule 'pdflatex'...
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Rule 'pdflatex': The following rules & subrules became out-of-date:
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Running 'xelatex   -recorder  "deply-demo.tex"'
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entering extended mode
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[d2lbook:build.py:L56] INFO   === Finished "d2lbook build pdf" in 00:00:04

To deploy to Github, you need to have your machine’s SSH key imported to Github. Otherwise, you may need to type in your account and password. When it is done, you can assess the results online in one or two minutes. For this example, the URL is /d2l-ai.github.io/d2l-book-deploy-demo/.

!cd deploy; d2lbook deploy html pdf
[d2lbook:config.py:L12] INFO   Load configure from config.ini
Cloning into '/home/d2l-worker/workspace/d2l-book/docs/_build/eval/user/deploy/_build/github_deploy-git'...

fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.
Exception ignored in: <function GithubDeployer.__del__ at 0x7fa572cf9e50>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/d2l-worker/miniconda3/envs/d2l-book-build/lib/python3.9/site-packages/d2lbook/deploy.py", line 106, in __del__
    run_cmd(['bash', bash_fname, self.git_dir, self.config.deploy['github_repo'], self.config.project['release']])
  File "/home/d2l-worker/miniconda3/envs/d2l-book-build/lib/python3.9/site-packages/d2lbook/utils.py", line 152, in run_cmd
    exit(-1)
  File "/home/d2l-worker/miniconda3/envs/d2l-book-build/lib/python3.9/_sitebuiltins.py", line 26, in __call__
    raise SystemExit(code)
SystemExit: -1

Lastly, let’s clean our workspace.

!rm -rf deploy

2.4.2. Deploying Through AWS

Another supported option is deploying through AWS. This option provides more flexibility but requires you to know the basic usage of AWS.

We recommend the following procedure for the deployment:

  1. Copying results into S3.

  2. Serving with a CDN by using CloudFront to reduce the latency.

  3. Buying and adding a customized domain at Route 53

Now let’s walk through these three steps one-by-one. Before getting started, you need to have a valid AWS account and type in your AWS access key by running aws configure.

First, create a S3 bucket. You can use the targeted domain name as your bucket name. For example, this site is deployed at book.d2l.ai, then we created a bucket with the name book.d2l.ai. In addition, we need to disable blocking public access through ACLs when creating this bucket, see Fig. 2.4.2 and enable static website hosting, see Fig. 2.4.3. Then you will get a URL to access this bucket. In our example, it’s http://book.d2l.ai.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/.

../_images/s3-acl.png

Fig. 2.4.2 Disable blocking public access through ACLs

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../_images/s3-web-hosting.png

Fig. 2.4.3 Enable static web hosting

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Second, create a new CloudFront distribution, by specifying the following options: - Origin Domain Name: the previous S3 URL without http://, e.g. book.d2l.ai.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com - Default Root Object: index.html - [optional] Alternate Domain Names (CNAMEs): your target domain name, e.g. book.d2l.ai - [optional] SSL Certificate: you can create one in Certificate Manager and then select it.

After a few minute, we will obtain the domain name such as d1y0wi2ibwmzrt.cloudfront.net.

Third, you can either buy a domain at Route 53 or add Route 53’s DNS into your existing domain. After that, create a “Hosted Zone” and then a Type-A Record Set with the CoundFront domain name as the alias target, see Fig. 2.4.4 for an example.

../_images/record-set.png

Fig. 2.4.4 Create a Record Set

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Once you are done, specify your S3 bucket name in the following config.ini entry.

[deploy]
s3_bucket = s3://book.d2l.ai

Each time you run d2lbook deploy, all results will be synchronized to this bucket and deployed automatically. Note that since we enabled a CDN, any new change may take a while to be shown in your URL (e.g. http://book.d2l.ai). But you can check the S3 bucket URL (e.g. http://book.d2l.ai.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com) to review the changes immediately.